[ 喬鐵軍 ]——(2008-5-28) / 已閱55782次
淺析防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)
作者：北安市人民法院?jiǎn)惕F軍 王素杰
摘 要
防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)是指防衛(wèi)行為明顯超過必要限度造成重大損害的應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任，但防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)是一種輕微的犯罪行為，它符合犯罪構(gòu)成的一般原理，即犯罪構(gòu)成的幾個(gè)要件主體、客體、主觀方面和客觀方面，防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)?shù)闹黧w是具有刑事責(zé)任能力的單個(gè)公民，客體是不法侵害人的人身權(quán)利，即不法侵害人依法受刑法保護(hù)的生命勸和健康權(quán)，主觀方面是防衛(wèi)人對(duì)過當(dāng)結(jié)果持放任疏忽大意過于自信的態(tài)度，客觀方面是防衛(wèi)行為明顯超過了制止不法侵害行為所必須的限度，并且造成了重大損害。《刑法》第20條沒有對(duì)“明顯超過必要限度”作出界定，造成在法學(xué)界對(duì)如何界定防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)提出了許多觀點(diǎn)，隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步，法學(xué)界又對(duì)防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)與正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)的關(guān)系提出了新的觀點(diǎn)，最后關(guān)于防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)?shù)男淌仑?zé)任，防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)構(gòu)成犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)刑事責(zé)任，但應(yīng)減輕或者免除處罰，這也是鼓勵(lì)公民，勇于同不法侵害者作斗爭(zhēng)，對(duì)維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序具有積極的作用。
關(guān)鍵詞：防衛(wèi)過當(dāng) 正當(dāng)防衛(wèi) 防衛(wèi)行為 刑法
Abstract
Defends has considered refers to the defense behavior obviously to surpass the essential limit to create the significant harm to have to take the legal responsibility, but defends has considered one kind of slight criminality, it conforms to the crime constitution general principle, namely the crime constitution several important documents main body, the object, the subjective aspect and the objective aspect, have defended when the main body is the single citizen which has the legal responsibility ability, the object illegally violates human's personal rights, namely illegally violates the human to receive the criminal law protection the life to urge legally with the healthy power, the subjective aspect is defends the human to when the result holds the laissez faire careless too self-confident manner, The objective aspect was defends the behavior obviously to surpass stopped the illegal violation behavior to have the limit, and has created the significant harm. "Criminal law" 20th obviously has not surpassed essential limit "to" to make the limits, how creates to limits in the legal science has defended when proposed many viewpoints, along with society's progress, the legal science to have defended when proposed with the justifiable defense relations the new viewpoint, finally about has defended works as the legal responsibility, defends has worked as the constitution crime, must undertake the legal responsibility, but should reduce or avoid the punishment, this also encourages the citizen, dares to wage the struggle with the illegal violation, to maintains the social order to have the positive function.
Key word: Defends has worked as Justifiable defense Defense behavior Criminal law
一、防衛(wèi)過當(dāng)?shù)母拍?br>
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